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Founded in 1950 by aerospace pioneer James S. McDonnell, the Foundation was established to "improve the quality of life," and does so by contributing to the generation of new knowledge through its support of research and scholarship. The Foundation awards grants via the Foundation-initiated, peer-reviewed proposal processes described in the 21st Century Science Initiative.

This symposium is sponsored by the James S. McDonnell Foundation www.jsmf.org, as part of our funded collaborative research on cognition, complexity and medical errors, and this will be the 4th annual event. The theme of each of the past meetings is given below:

Oct. 2008: The Cognitive Basis of Safe Practice: Rethinking Error in Critical Care Medicine. We discussed emerging theoretical models and methodological approaches as they pertain to the study of error and complexity in critical care.

Oct. 2009: Cognitive Interventions Mitigating Error in Complex Work Environment. We discussed some of our empirical findings and progress in theory development and method evaluation to date, and discussed possibilities for interventions and refinement of our approaches.

Oct. 2010: Complexity and Critical Care: Lesson from the Cognitive Workbench. We discussed and assessed innovative methodological approaches, theoretical models, which emerged during the first three years of our research, and gauged the feasibility of theory-driven interventions to address.

Nov. 2011: Empirically-Grounded Interventions for Safe Critical Care Practice. We would like to use this fourth event as an opportunity to present our interventions, which are empirically-grounded and propelled by in-vivo research findings. This intervention showcase will include pragmatic approaches that improve patient safety in critical care and range from cutting-edge technology add-ons, workflow re-engineering to clinician education. At this stage, we would also like to consider a possible model of complexity & error in critical care, as they are being evolved.